Automatic switching means.



1. F TQOMEY.

AUTOMATIC SWITCHING MEANS.

' APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13 9H3- 1,270,465. PutentedJune 25, 1918.

2 SHEETSSHEET A A 8o---o3 6-.-

Invent 0r J F Toomey fllfiarney J. F. TOOMEY.

AUTOMATIC SWITCHING MEANS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-13.1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Patented June 25, 1918.

- Inventor JFToome flzforney.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' JOHN F. TOOMEY, NEW Y oRKpN. Y., ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN TELEPHONETELEGRAPH COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

AND

J AUTOMATIC SWITCHING MEANS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 25, 1918.

Application filed September 18, 1916. Serial No. 119,938.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN F. TOOMEY, residingat New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, haveinvented certain Improvements in Automatic Switchin Means, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Fig. 1 which is adapted for use with a load consisting of a lurality ofvacuum tube re eaters in telep one circuits.

eferring to Fig. 1, line l connects with the charging generator (notshown) while line 2 connects with the load (not shown). The twoconductors of line 1 terminate in switch-points3 and 4 of double-poledoublethrow switch 5. Switch-points 6 and 7 are connected to thenegative and positive ter- Ifiinals respectively of battery B whileswitch-points 8 and 9 are connected to the negative and positiveterminals respectively of battery '13,. The negative terminal of batteryB is directly connected to the posi-- the positive terminal of battery Btive terminal of battery B as shown, and 1s grounded.

Connected across line 1 is the winding of a'relay 10 adapted to beenergized by the generator voltage thereby closing contact 11 andmaintaining said contact closed as long 1 as the generator or batteryvoltage is impressed on line 1. The winding of a relay 12 has oneterminal permanently connected to ground and thereby to thepositiveterminal of battery B while the otherterminal of said winding isconnected through contact 11 to the positive side ofline 1. Relay 12 hastwo armatures l3 and 14 connected to the negative and positive sidesrespectively of line 2. When relay 12 is not energized armatures 13 and14: are connected through contacts 15 and 16 to the negative iagram of te arground and positiveterminals respectively'of battery B and battery Bis thereby connected across'the load. When relay 12 is energizedarmatures 13 and-14 are connected through contacts 17 and 18respectively to the ne a- --tive and positive terminals of battery 1respectively, and battery B is thereby connected across the load. ItWill'be thus seen that the function of relay 12 is to select either ofthe two batteries, B and B to supply the load.

The operation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 will now be explained.There are three possible positions of switch 5, namely, open, closed toconnect switch-points'3 and J1 with switch-points 6 and 7 respectively,

and closed to connect switch-points 3 and 4 with switch-points 8 and 9respectively. Considering the open position first, relay 12 is notenergized, since there is no closed circuit including its winding.points 15 and 16 are consequently connected to armatures 13 and 14respectively and battery B is connected across the load. Consideringnext the case when switch-points 3 and 4 are connected to switch-points6 and 7 respectively, the circuit including the winding of relay 12 maybe traced from through contact 11 to the positive side of -line 1 andthence throu h switchoints 4 and 7 to ground. Windmg 12 is t ereforeshortcircuited, battery B is connected across the load and battery B isconnected across line 1 for charging. Considering finally the third casewhen the switch is thrown to connect switch-points 3 and, 4: with switch-points 8 and 9 respectively, thusconnecting battery B across the linefor charging, the circult through the winding of relay 12 maybe tracedfrom ground through said winding to the positive side of line 1 throughcontact 11 and thence through switch-points 4 and 9 to the negativeterminal of battery B and through said battery back to ground. It isthus seen Contact through said winding, thence that the winding of relay12 is connected tially an auxiliarybattery which serves to more fullyexplained hereinafter.

supply the load only when the main battery is being charged.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the switching arrangements of myinvention when the batteries B,v and 1B, are employed to supply energyfor heating the filaments of a plurality of vacuum tube repeaters. Thecircuit connections of vacuum tube repeaters necessitate modificationsor the arrangements illustrated in Fig. 1 as will be Refen ring to Fig.2, the switching arrangement there shown is the same as that illustratedin Fig. 1 except for the addition of relays 19 and 20 and theirassociated circuits and. of relay 12 which is similar and equal to relay12 and in multiple therewith. The relays 12 and 12 serve to connectseparate filaments to battery B or B and said relays might be combinedinto a single relay eX- cept for the practical difliculty of designingarelay to carry the required current through its contact points. RelaylQcon trols the operation of relays 12" and 12' while relay 20 connectsthe negative terminal of a battery 21, common to theoutput circuits ofvacuum tube repeaters 22 and 22, to the positive terminals of batteriesB and-B alternatively. The positive terminal of battery 21, whichfurnishes the energy for repeater operation, is connected. to thepositive electrodes of the vacuum tube repeaters in multiple. v

' The operation of the system of Fig. 2 will now be' described; As theinitial condition assume that switch 5 is open and that the charginggenerator (not shown) is discon vnected from line 1. Contact 11 of relay10' is open, since no potential is impressed by line 1 on the winding ofsaid relay. The

circuit including the winding of relay 19 isopen and therefore bothterminals of the windings of relays 12 and 12 are-connected to ground,one terminal of each relay through a permanent ground connection and thetwo other terminals through contact 23.

of relay 19. A similar condition exists as regards relay 20 since thewindings of relays '12, 12 and 20 are in multiple and are simiof relay12, and conductors 25 and 26, While filament 2 1 is connected through asimilar circuit comprising line 2', armatures 13 and 14b and contacts15' and 16 of relay 12, and monductors 25 and 26. The negative termi nalof battery 21 is connected to the positive terminal of battery 13,through conductor 27, armature 28 and contact 29 of relay 20, andconductor 26. The negative terminal of battery 21 is thereforeconnectedto the same point as the positive terminals of filaments 24 and24c to which energy is furnished by battery B Next assume that withswitch 5 still open the charging generator is conilected'to line 1thereby impressing the potential said generator across the winding ofrelay 10. helay 10 is thereby energized and contact 11 closed throughwhich one terminal of Wind ing 19 is connected to the positive side ofline 1. Since, however, in accordance with the arrangements adapted" foruse with the switching arrangements of my invention, neither terminal ofthe charging generator is grounded, the closing of contact 11establishes no circuit through the winding of relay 19 and the positionsof the various relays, with the exception of relay 10 are unchanged byimpressing the generator potential on line 1.

Next assume that, with-the charging generator connected to line 1,switch 5 is closed to connect switch-points 3 andAewith'switchpoints 6and 7 respectively thus connecting battery B to line 1 for charging. Theposi-- tive side of line 1 is thereby connected to ground throughswitch-points 1 and 7 and is being charged.

Assume, now, that it is desired to charge battery B and to this endswitch 5 1s reversed connecting switch-points 3 and'et withswitch-points 8 and '9 respectively, thereby connecting battery B acrossline 1 for charging. This manual operation connects the positive side ofline 1 to ground through switch-points 4 and 9 and battery B Battery Bis therefore in closed circuit with the winding of relay 19, said relayis energized and through the consequent closing of contact 30 of saidrelay, battery 31 is connected in circuit with the windings of relays12, 12' and 20. As a consequence relays 12, 12' and 20 are energizedwith the following results:

Contacts 15 and 16 of relay 12 are opened and contacts 17 and 18 areclosed thereby connecting -filament 24.- of repeater 22 to battery B,through line 2 contacts 17 and 18' and conductors 26 and 32. Similarlyfilament 24: of repeater 22 is connected to battery l3 through line 2',contacts 17 and 1 8 and conductors 26 and 32. The operation of relay 20opens'contact 29 and closesoontact 33 thereby disconnecting the negativeterminal of battery 21 trom'the positive terminal of battery B andconnecting it to the positive terminal of battery 3,. The closing ofcontact 34s of relay 19 connects battery 31 through resistance 35 inseries with the winding ofsa-id 'relay,,thereby locking said relay inits energized position. Conse quently if switch is now opened, relay 19remains operated by virtue of the connection of its winding to battery31, and relays 12, 12' and remain energized. Clearly also relay 19remains operated when the" charging generator is disconnected from line1, releasing relay 10 and opening its contact 11.

As a final example of the operation of the switching arrangements of myinvention assume that with relay 19 locked by battery 31' and thegenerator connected to line 1, switch 5 is thrown to connectswitch-points 3 and 4.- with switch-points 6 and 7 respectively therebyconnecting battery B across line 1 for charging. The connecting ofswitch-points 4 and 7 grounds the positive side of line 1 directly andhence grounds the Winding of relay. 19 through contact 11 of relay 10.The winding of relay 19 is thereby s hortcircuited, contact is open,contact 23 is closed, and relays 12, 12' and 20 are deenergized. Theoriginal circuit connections are thereby restored, battery B suppliesthe heating current to filaments 24 and 24 and the negative terminal ofbattery 21 is connected to the positive terminal of battery 13,.

It will thus be seen that the function of relay 20 is to maintain thenegative terminal of battery 21 at the same potential as the positiveterminals of filaments 24 and 24 of repeaters 22 and 22, a conditionnecessitated by the circuit connections and arrangements of vacuum tuberepeaters. It will further be seen that batteries B and B arealternative rather than main and auxiliary batteries, and that by virtueof the locking arrangements associated with relay 19,

either battery when once connected to the repeater filaments, continuesto furnish energy to said filaments until the operation of switch 5connects said battery across line 1 for charging. If, the connectionbetween neither battery is thrown on the load im-' 'mediately after itscharging when its potential exceeds that of the other battery by anappreciable amount.

What is claimed is: y 1. The combination of a source of charging energy,two batteries serially connected and a plurality of vacuum tuberepeaters,

each repeater comprising a filament, and 31 positive electrode, a'sourceof direct current energy whose positive terminal is connected to saidpositive electrodes in multiple, relays individual to said repeaters forconnectin said filaments in multiple with either of said batteries whenthe other of said batteries is being charged, and a relay common to saidplurality of repeaters for connectin the negative terminal of saidsource of irect current energy to that battery terminal to which thepositive terminals of said filaments are connected.

2. The combination of a source of charging energy, two batteriesserially connected,

a plurality of vacuum tube repeaters, each repeater comprising a.filament and a positive electrode, a source of direct current energyconnected to said main electrodes in multiple, relays individual to saidrepeaters automatically operating when one of said batteries isconnected to said source of charging energy to connect the plurality offilaments to the'other of saidbatterics, and a relay, common tosaidplurality of repeaters, operating simultaneously with said otherrelays to connect said source of direct current energy with the filamentheating battery.

3. The combinationof a source of charging energy, two batteries seriallyconnected, switching means to connect said source with either of saidbatteries, an energy consuming device adapted to be supplied by eitherof said batteries, a relay for connecting said energy consuming deviceto said batteries one of said batteries with said charging means, asecond switching means to connect the otherbattery to the load, and arelay whereby the operation of said'second switching means may becontrolled by said first switching means.-

5. A system of distribution comprising a pair of storage batteries, acharging circuit therefor, a generator capable of connect on to saidcharging circuit, a load, switchmg means for connecting one of saidbatteries'to said charging circuit, a second switching means to connectthe other battery to the load, and a relay adapted to be energized bysaid generator or by either of said batteries whereby theoperation ofsaid second switching means may be controlled-by said first switchingmeans.

- 6. A system of distribution comprising a pair of storage batteries, achargin means therefor, a load, switching means or connecting eitherbattery to the charging means, and a relay capable of bein energized bysaid charging means or by eit er' of said batteries and adapted-tocontrol the connection of the load with said batteries whereby the saidload willbe connected with that battery which is not connected with thecharging means.

said batteries to the load, a circuit-tor said,

relay closed when said switching means is operated to connect one ofsaid batteriesto the charging means, a locking circuit for said relay tohold said relay energized when said switching means is operated todisconnect both batteries from the charging means, and means todenergize said relay when the switching means is operated to connect theother oi said batteries to thecharging means.

8. In a system of distribution, the combination of two sources seriallyconnected and a load, said load comprising a vacuum tube structureincluding a heated filament and a plate, an auxiliary source to producea potential difi'erence between the filament and the plate, switchingmeans for connecting either of said first sources to the filament toheat the same and a separate switching means controlled by said firstswitching means to connect a pole of the auxiliary source to one side ofthe filament.

9 ln a system of distribution, the combination of two sources seriallyconnected and r load, said load comprising a vacuum tube structureincluding a heated filament and a plate, an auxiliary source to producea poof the first mentioned sources, switch means to connect one or theother of said leads to one side of the filament to heat thenae/oncetential difierence between the filament the plate, leads from similarpoles of e same, and switching means controlled by said first switchingmeans to connect a pole of the auxiliary source to the lead connectedWith the filament.

10. In a'system of distribution, the combination of two sourcesserially, connected and a load, said load comprising a plurality ofVacuum tubes each including a heated filament and a plate, an auxiliarysource to produce a potential difierence between the filaments and theplates, a plurality of switching devices for connecting either of saidfirst sources to the filaments to heat the same and a switching meanscontrolled by said first switching means for connecting a pole of theauxiliary battery to the filament through said switching devices.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of one subscribing witness, this sixth day of September, 1916.

JOHN r. TGQMEY.

Witness RAEEH Won-r,

